- Université de Nîmes
Rue du Dr Georges Salan - 30000 Nîmes
France - +334 66 36 46 22
Karine Weiss
Université de Nimes, Laboratoire CHROME (EA 7352), Faculty Member
Cette étude s'intéresse à la manière dont les agriculteurs et les étudiants en lycée agricole représentent les pesticides. Comment ils perçoivent cet objet, comment ils le pensent et comment ils l'utilisent en fonction de leur lieu... more
Cette étude s'intéresse à la manière dont les agriculteurs et les étudiants en lycée agricole représentent les pesticides. Comment ils perçoivent cet objet, comment ils le pensent et comment ils l'utilisent en fonction de leur lieu d'habitation (Paca/Languedoc-Roussillon, Bretagne et Martinique) et leur type d'implication (étudiants vs agriculteurs). Pour ce faire, une enquête qualitative (entretiens semi-directifs) a été menée auprès de 77 personnes vivant dans l'une des trois régions ; et analysée à l'aide d'un logiciel d'analyse de données textuelles (Iramuteq). Les résultats soulignent une représentation sociale des pesticides qui s'organise autour de la notion de risque sanitaire concernant les agriculteurs ainsi que les risques environnementaux liés à l'utilisation des pesticides. Abstract The present study was interested in how professional farmers and students of an agricultural secondary school represent pesticides. More precisely, how in function of their place of residence in France (Paca/Languedoc-Roussillon, Bretagne and Martinique) and their implication level with the farming activity
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Le succès d’une mission en situation extrême dépend autant des compétentes individuelles que de la qualité des relations entre les membres de l’équipe. Nous proposons une analyse du leadership en situation extrême au travers de la... more
Le succès d’une mission en situation extrême dépend autant des compétentes individuelles que de la qualité des relations entre les membres de l’équipe. Nous proposons une analyse du leadership en situation extrême au travers de la littérature et de nos expériences de terrain afin de fournir quelques repères pour analyser ce rôle complexe de leader mais également pour proposer des voies d’intervention susceptibles de favoriser l’ajustement à ces situations extrêmes. L’amélioration du leadership et la construction d’une équipe constitue un mode d’intervention destiné à rendre une équipe plus cohésive et par conséquent plus efficace.
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Resorting to social representations theory we illustrate how in our societies, where the pressures towards change in the environmental domain are constant and come from countless sources, processes of resistance are also their constant... more
Resorting to social representations theory we illustrate how in our societies, where the pressures towards change in the environmental domain are constant and come from countless sources, processes of resistance are also their constant companions. We present four case studies. The first regards biotechnological innovation, which highlights the conflict between old and new conceptions of nature. A second example regards changes in response to flooding in France seeking to further our comprehension of how people can be persuaded to adopt behaviours related to a "risk culture" that does not deny risk. A third study examines how two different communities adjust to electricity supply changes in the UK and their objections to changes in the landscape. A last example concerns the adjustment to new legislation fostering public participation in Portugal. We look at how normative legitimacy constrains resistance, marking the discourse of experts involved in the management of the environment and how these can change through time.
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This study investigated the time-courses and the relationships between coping, defense mechanisms, emotions and depression considered as key factors in adaptation to ICE (Isolated and Confined Extreme) environments. During the space... more
This study investigated the time-courses and the relationships between coping, defense mechanisms, emotions and depression considered as key factors in adaptation to ICE (Isolated and Confined Extreme) environments. During the space simulation, the Mars-105 experiment, positive emotion decreased significantly and significant positive correlations were found between mature defenses and both positive emotions and Task-Oriented Coping (TOC), as well as between Disengagement-Oriented Coping (DOC) and symptoms of depression. These findings show the impact of space simulation on affective states and the relations of defense to both coping and emotion, which underline the role of these psychological constructs involved in psychological adaptation processes. The results of the present study add insights into the effects of space simulation in order to offer the participants a better selection, preparation and follow-up of these psychological components recognized as essential for adaptation to extreme environments.
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Abstract Agriculture is linked to specific uses of ecological resources and has a considerable impact on the evolution of the state of the environment. Consequently, it represents an essential ecological issue in the framework of... more
Abstract Agriculture is linked to specific uses of ecological resources and has a considerable impact on the evolution of the state of the environment. Consequently, it represents an essential ecological issue in the framework of sustainable development. The fertilization ...
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This introduction to the special issue traces the history of psychosocial concerns related to Antarctic exploration, from the heroic age of early explorers through the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957 to 1958 to recent and... more
This introduction to the special issue traces the history of psychosocial concerns related to Antarctic exploration, from the heroic age of early explorers through the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957 to 1958 to recent and current systematic research projects. The introduction discusses the organization and topics of international psychological investigations in polar stations and summarizes the articles that follow. Living in Antarctica imposes some unusual restrictions as well as opportunities, and it requires psychological adaptation to extreme environmental circumstances. The thrust of previous scientific and popular literature has been to focus on the negative effects of the situation and ignore the positive ones; however, ongoing studies are bringing about a more balanced view. Having an accurate understanding is important not only intrinsically and for appropriate application in the Antarctic itself but also in analogous extreme and unusual environments. These include extended space flight and space habitation, such as the projected voyage to Mars.
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... Netherlands (2009). Psychological investigations in analogue environments: the WISE 2005 Study. Workshop on Human Behaviour and Performance in Analogue Environments and Simulations. Michel Nicolas 1 , Karine Weiss 1. (2009). ...